Neuropathic pain is relatively common. One large European study found a prevalence of 6%. The diagnosis and treatment of long-term pain has received considerable attention recently. Long-term pain is pervasive and costly. There is an interrelationship with psychosocial problems and there are often difficulties in clarifying the diagnosis. Most treatment for long-term pain, including neuropathic pain, should be provided at the primary care level, with support as necessary from specialist services.